Pathways Leading to Atherosclerosis

Pathways leading to atherosclerosis: a structural equation modeling approach in young adults.

Several risk factors of cardiovascular diseases have been studied using direct association measures. Because the incidence of obesity and cardiovascular diseases is rising, it is important to correctly model these risk factors involved in development of cardiovascular diseases. Until now, statistical methods lacked to achieve this goal because of complex interrelationships involved. Structural ...

Signalling Pathways Leading to TRAIL Resistance

Two Distinct Pathways Leading to Nuclear Apoptosis

Apaf-1(-/-) or caspase-3(-/-) cells treated with a variety of apoptosis inducers manifest apoptosis-associated alterations including the translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) from mitochondria to nuclei, large scale DNA fragmentation, and initial chromatin condensation (stage I). However, when compared with normal control cells, Apaf-1(-/-) or caspase-3(-/-) cells fail to exhibit oli...

Perioperative Pathways Leading to Better Outcomes

A n enhanced recovery program (ERP) is a set of multimodal, multidisciplinary interventions that are geared toward mitigating the undesirable effects of the surgical stress response.1 The purpose of an ERP is to accelerate postoperative surgical recovery by attenuating the factors that lead to surgical stress. Successful execution of an ERP requires coordination of the multidisciplinary teams, ...

Different Pathways Leading to Integrase Inhibitors Resistance

Integrase strand-transfer inhibitors (INSTIs), such as raltegravir (RAL), elvitegravir, or dolutegravir (DTG), are efficient antiretroviral agents used in HIV treatment in order to inhibit retroviral integration. By contrast to RAL treatments leading to well-identified mutation resistance pathways at the integrase level, recent clinical studies report several cases of patients failing DTG treat...